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1.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 27(6): 233-238, nov.-dic. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-109211

RESUMO

Analizar si los factores que determinan competitividad entre la pareja se asocian a un mayor riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) en el varón. Valorar si el modelo conductual y la calidad de vida, se correlacionan con el RCV. Material y método Estudio transversal realizado en un municipio mediterráneo semirural. Se incluyeron 336 individuos. Se recogen datos que incluyen variables sociodemográficos, sociales y relacionadas con la competitividad de la pareja. Se realiza el test SF-36 para valorar la calidad de vida e Inventario de Jenkins para valorar el modelo conductual. Resultados En el análisis multivariante de las variables relacionadas con la competitividad de la pareja, ajustadas por las distintas variables que definen los factores de RCV, los hombres cuya mujeres trabajan fuera de casa y les molesta presentan mayor RCV (p:0,043). No se detecta asociación entre el RCV en el varón y el nivel cultural de su pareja. No se detecta relación entre el tipo de modelo conductual y el RCV. Conclusiones Si la mujer trabaja fuera de casa y a su marido le molesta, existe un mayor RCV en dicho marido. En el resto de variables no se aprecian asociaciones significativas (AU)


Objectives: Analyze if the factors that determine competitiveness between couples are associated to greater cardiovascular risk (CVR) in the male. Evaluate if the behavior model and quality of life are correlated with CVR. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a semi-rural Mediterranean municipality that included 336 subjects. Data including socio demographic, social data and those related with competitiveness in the couple were collected. The SF-36 test was performed to evaluate Jenkin’s quality of life inventory to evaluate the behavioral model. Results: In the multivariant analysis of the variables related with competitiveness of the couple, adjusted for the different variables that define CVR factors, men whose wives work outside the home and who is unhappy with it, have greater CVR (p:0.043). No association was detected between CVR in the male and the cultural level of his partner. No relationship was detected between type of behavioral model and CVR. Conclusions: If the wife works outside of the home and her husband is unhappy with this, the husband has a greater CVR. No significant associations are observed in the rest of the variables (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Comportamento Competitivo , Cônjuges/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Qualidade de Vida , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco
2.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 27(4): 138-145, jul. -ago. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-89391

RESUMO

IntroducciónConocer las posibles diferencias de género en los hábitos y estilos de vida que se relacionan con las ECV en los jóvenes que cursan estudios universitarios.Material y MétodoEstudio descriptivo transversal. Ámbito universitario de nuestra región. Se selecciona una muestra de 1.179 alumnos. Se utiliza un cuestionario autocumplimentado y anónimo. Consta de 36 preguntas formando 4 escalas de medida: grado de información sanitaria sobre RCV, consumo de tabaco, consumo de alcohol y realización de ejercicio físico.ResultadosEl 68,7% de los estudiantes universitarios (EU) desconocen que la causa más frecuente de mortalidad en la población española son las ECV, no existiendo diferencias de género. El hábito tabáquico, está presente en el 37,7% de EU y se asocia de forma significativa al género femenino, 43,7% de fumadoras frente al 32,3% de los varones, (p<0,001). El consumo de alcohol es reconocido por el 65,9% de EU son más las mujeres que manifiestan no consumir habitualmente alcohol (p: 0,004). La realización de ejercicio físico de algún tipo es manifestado por el 61% de EU, siendo más elevado en los hombres que en las mujeres.(p<0,001).ConclusionesEl análisis de los estilos de vida en los jóvenes universitarios relacionados con las ECV demuestra que las mujeres fuman más y realizan menos ejercicio que los varones, aunque consumen menos alcohol y tienen mayor percepción de su daño sobre la salud (AU)


IntroductionTo know possible gender differences in lifestyle related with cardiovascular (CV) disease in the young university students.Subjects and methodsA descriptive, cross-sectional study in university setting of our region. A sample of 1179 students was obtained. A self-completed and anonymous questionnaire was used. It was made up of 36 questions, forming 4 measurement scales: grade of health care information on cardiovascular risk (CVR), tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption and practice of physical exercise.ResultsA total of 68.7% of the university students (US) were unaware that the most frequent cause of mortality in the Spanish population is CV disease, there being no difference in gender. Smoking is present in 37.7% of the US and is significantly more frequent in females (43.7%) than in males (32.3%; p<0.001). Alcohol consumption is admitted by 65.9% of the US. More women state they do not usually drink alcohol (p: 0.004). Performing physical exercise of any type is reported by 61% of the US, this being higher among males with respect to females (p<0.001).ConclusionAnalysis of the lifestyle related with CV disease in young university students shows that women smoke more and perform less exercise than men, although they drink less alcohol and have a better perception of its harm for their health (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Estilo de Vida , Fatores Sexuais , Doenças Vasculares/etiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Fatores de Risco
3.
Sanid. mil ; 64(2): 71-76, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-113406

RESUMO

Introducción: Los radicales libres son altamente reactivos y atacan constantemente al cuerpo humano, se producen como parte normal del metabolismo celular. En el caso de buceadores militares que utilizan equipos de circuito cerrado y que respiran oxígeno a presiones superiores a la atmosférica (puro 100%), el nivel de daño oxidativo aumenta. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos de la hiperoxia en el equilibrio redox del organismo de un colectivo de buceadores que usan oxígeno puro como elemento respirable y desarrollar la técnica más viable para su determinación. Material y Métodos: Participaron 15 buceadores que realizaban un programa de instrucción impartido por el Centro de Buceo de la Armada de 3 meses de duración empleando un equipo de buceo de oxígeno puro. En dicho programa se desarrollaron un total de 23 inmersiones con una media de 20.05 horas totales respirando oxígeno puro a una profundidad de 7 metros. Se miden los niveles de óxido nítrico, el estado antioxidante total y niveles de Glutation peroxidasa en plasma y peroxidación lipídica en orina. Resultados: Descenso en todos los parámetros a lo largo del programa de estudio. El estado de antioxidantes totales disminuyó significativamente después de 6 semanas, con un leve incremento al final. El óxido nítrico aumentó en sus niveles al comienzo del estudio, y fue disminuyendo significativamente después de 6 y 12 semanas. Además, la glutation peroxidasa y los isoprostanos fueron progresivamente más bajos. Conclusiones: La hiperoxia en buceadores puede comprometer las defensas antioxidantes temporalmente sin embargo la peroxidación lipídica producida no es importante debido tal vez a un proceso adaptativo resultado de la exposición periódica a condiciones hiperóxicas. El daño oxidativo genera un descenso en la concentración de óxido nítrico. Los métodos más óptimos para determinar el daño oxidativo producido por la hiperoxia son el nivel de óxido nítrico y el estado antioxidante total (AU)


Introduction: Free radicals are highly reactive and attack incessantly the human organism. They are produced normally as part of the cell metabolism. In the case of military divers who utilize closed circuit equipment and breathe oxygen at higher pressures than the atmospheric one (100 % pure) the level of oxidative damage is increased. Objective: to study the effects of hyperoxia in the redox equilibrium of a group of divers who utilize pure oxygen as a breathing element and to develop the most suitable technique for its determination. Material and Methods: the group was integrated by 15 military divers who participated in a training program of three months duration in the Naval Diving Center and utilized pure oxygen diving equipment. In this program a total of 23 immersions were carried out with a total average of 20,05 hours breathing pure oxygen at a depth of 7 meters. The levels of nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase were measured in plasma and lipid peroxidation in urine. Results: a descent in all parameters during the study. The level of total antioxidants decreased significantly after six weeks, with a slight increase at the end. Nitric oxide increased its levels at the beginning of the study and experienced a significant decrease after six and twelve weeks. Moreover, the levels of glutathione peroxidase and isoprostanes became progressively lower. Conclusions: hyperoxia in divers may temporarily compromise the antioxidant defenses. However the produced lipid peroxidation is not important maybe due to an adaptative process as a consequence of the regular exposure to hyperoxic conditions. The oxidative damage lowers the nitric oxide concentration. The optimal methods to determine the oxidative damage produced by the hyperoxia are the nitric oxide level and the total antioxidant state (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipóxia/complicações , Mergulho/efeitos adversos , Doença da Descompressão/fisiopatologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/análise , Antioxidantes/análise
4.
Med. aeroesp. ambient ; 5(1): 3-9, dic. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-152517

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Estudiar si una exposición hiperbárica de larga duración motivada por la aparición de una enfermedad descompresiva bajo presión, presenta alteraciones espirométricas y si éstas están acompañadas de sintomatología clínica pulmonar compatible con toxicidad pulmonar por oxígeno. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: 3 buceadores profesionales que durante una inmersión a 100 metros de profundidad, uno de ellos presenta, antes de terminar la inmersión una patología descompresiva que requiere aumentar los tiempos de respiración de oxígeno, se realizan espirometrías pre- y post-inmersión midiendo: FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75, FEF 75-85, FEF 25, FEF 50, FEF 75. RESULTADOS: Los resultados post-inmersión demuestran un descenso global de todos los parámetros estudiados destacando el descenso de PEF (12.8%), FEF 50 (9,3%) y FEV1 (8.8%), de forma individual 2 buceadores mostraron descenso de todos los parámetros mientras que un buceador de los nueve parámetros estudiados solo experimentó descenso en cinco. Estos resultados no estuvieron acompañados de sintomatología pulmonar y carecieron de significado estadístico. CONCLUSIONES: Tras esta exposición hiperbárica se alteró el flujo y la capacidad sin la presencia de sintomatología clínica pulmonar y papel importante de la susceptibilidad individual. Los estudios de función pulmonar se deberían extender a colectivos sometidos a: cambios constantes de presión y a la respiración de oxígeno, gas con efectos tóxicos agudos y a largo plazo (AU)


INTRODUCTION: We studied if one hyperbaric exposition in the long term with decompression sickness under pressure causes disturbances in the pulmonary functions and if they are related with clinical manifestations which are compatibles with pulmonary oxygen toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHOD.-Three professional divers carried out one immersion at 100 meters of deep, only one person displayed, before the immersion was finished, one decompression pathology which need increase the times breathing of oxygen, we valued the pulmonary functions pre and post immersion so we measured: FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75, FEF 75-85, FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75. RESULTS: The post immersion results showed one total decline of all studied parameters showed the decrease of PEF (12.8%), FEF 50 (9.3%) and FEV1 (8.8%), two divers showed one decline of all parameters meanwhile that one diver registered decrease only in five parameters. These results are not accompanied of pulmonary symptoms and of significant statistic. CONCLUSIONS: After this hyperbaric exposure, the flow and the capacity were disturbed but they did not show neither clinic pulmonary symptoms nor had one important role in the personal susceptibility. The studies of pulmonary function should include group with constant pressure changes and the breathing of oxygen, this gas have acute toxic effects in the long term (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Medicina Aeroespacial/educação , Medicina Aeroespacial/métodos , Toxicidade/métodos , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Mergulho/educação , Mergulho/lesões , Respiração/genética , Medicina Aeroespacial , Medicina Aeroespacial/normas , Toxicidade/prevenção & controle , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/normas , Mergulho/classificação , Mergulho/normas , Epidemiologia Descritiva
5.
Med. mil ; 62(2): 80-83, abr.-jun. 2006. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60323

RESUMO

El oxígeno a presiones superiores a la atmosférica se emplea en la oxigenoterapia hiperbárica (OHC), buceo en saturación tratamiento de las patologías disbáricas. La OHB expone al sujeto a los efectos tóxicos de los radicales libres que pueden afectar la función pulmonar. Las tablas de tratamiento de accidentes de buceo presentan valores UPTD dentro de rangos no tóxicos, lo que no implica una afectación pulmonar. Realizamos a 4 buceadores tratados, al mismo tiempo, con tabla 6 (Uptd=625) estudios de función pulmonar al concluir el tratamiento y 14 horas después. El uso de la tabla 6 para accidentes de buceo produce una afectación pulmonar de carácter asintomático y reversible (AU)


Oxygen, with higher pressures than atmosphere ones, is used in hyperbaric oxygen theraphy (OHB), saturation´s diving and for the treatment of the disbaric pathologies. The subject is exposed by the OHB to the toxic effects of the free radicals, which can effect the pulmonary function. The tables of treatments for diving accidents present UPTD values within no toxic ranges, an it does not implies a pulmonary damage. We have done to 4 divers treated, at the same time, using table 6 (UPTD=625) studies of pulmonary function at the end of treatment and 14 hours later. After treatment values: FVC% (104,75 ±7.9), FEV1% (91,25±10,81), FEV1/FVC% (74±3.55), FEF 25-75% (70.5±12.23) FEF, 75-85% (69.5±15.5). Values of 14 hours later. FVC% (109.25±8.09), FEV1% (96,75±11.84), FEV1/FVC (74.75±3.77), FEF 25-75% (76±14.16), FEF 75-85% (76.5 ± 15.84). The use of table 6 for diving accidents produces an asymptomatic and reversible pulmonary affection (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Doença da Descompressão/terapia , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Militares , Espirometria/métodos
6.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 69(3-4): 295-303, 1995.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8548678

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To know the prevalence of the Cardiovascular Risking Factors in a fishing environment, with activity in the shallow-sea. METHOD: Transversal descriptive study spanning from December 1992 to March 1993 carried out in the Maritime Health Department of the Sea Social Institute, in the provincials administration center of Castellon and Cartagena (Murcia). And enquire has been done with 562 seaman belonging to the fishing profession, 346 of them being from Cartagena and 216 from Castellon. When they attended the compulsory medical checking previous to the embarking. RESULTS: An assessment of the Cardiovascular Risking. FACTORS: Smoking dependence, high blood pressure, hipercholesterol, hipertriglicedics, diabetes and obesity, depending on the origin station and the type of fishing net. The 65.6% and the 24.3% of the sampling are smokers and hipertensers respectively, and the 35.3% present figures above 240 Mgrs of cholesterol. Having Cartagena in caparison with Castellon higher frequencies, (p < 0.001) of high blood pressure and hipercholesterol. The hipertriglicedics alone is associated, (p < 0.01) with the different fishing modalities, being the trawling kind fishmen the one who to present the highest frequencies. Only the 14.5% of the sampling is free from the so-called big risking factors and the 5.7% present the three of them associated (smoking dependence, hipercholesterol and high blood pressure). CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of the cardiovascular risking factors found, make necessary the organization of a prevention campaign in order to diminish the risks related to the isquimic cardiopathy and cerebrovascular illness, and this may be influenced by bad eating habits and other social an environmental factors which are common to seamen.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Adulto , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/complicações , Hipertensão/complicações , Incidência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saúde Ocupacional , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Tabagismo/complicações
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